Composition of matter for street-paving or other purposes.



UNITED STATES PATENT Q FTCE.

CHARLES R. LONG, JOHN S. MILLER, AND WILLIAM F.

INGRAM, or

LQUISVILLE, KENTUCKY.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 673,275, dated April30, 1901.

Application filed February 28, 1900. Serial No. 6,791. (No specimens Toall whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that we, CHARLES R. LONG, JOHN S. MILLER, and WILLIAM F.INGRAM, citizens of the United States, residing at Louisville, in thecounty of Jefferson and State of Kentucky, have in vented certain newand useful Improvements in Compositions of Matter for Street-Pavingorother Purposes; and We do declare the following to be a full, clear,and exact description of the invention, such as will enable othersskilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention has relation to compositions for paving, roofing, andanalogous purposes; but it has more especial reference to materials orcompositions for incorporation with natural sandstone asphalt-rock orbituminous sandstone to harden the same and render it practical for useas a pavement, driveway, floor, sidewalk, roof, conduit, or any otherpurpose to which asphalt is applicable or for which it is used.

As is well known, there are in many sections of this country largebodies of sandstone asphalt-rock, the use of which for paving andanalogous purposes in lieu of Trinidad or other asphalts similar to theTrinidad has frequently been suggested. The sandstone rockasphalts,however, have not been successfully developed to compete with the otherasphalts, notwithstanding the reduction in the expense of procuring theformer, due to its accessibility and quantity, largely because it hasbeen deemed necessary to mix it with other expensive limestoneasphalt-rock to adapt it to street-paving, roofing, and other purposesfor which asphalt is commonly used.

The primary object of this invention is to provide a material orcomposition for use with natural sandstone asphalt-rock or other naturalasphalts which will render unnecessary the use of expensive limestoneasphalt-rock, will be inexpensive, and will impart a degree of hardnessand durability to natural sandstone asphalt-rock or other naturalasphalt equal to that possessed by other more expensive asphalts; and tothis end the invention consists in the combinations of ingredientshereinafter described, and particularly pointed outin the subjoinedclaims.

We have discovered and by thorough practical tests have proved that amixture consisting of a magnesian mineral, such as natural steatite ortalc, serpentine, terra-allm, and ozoceri te, each of which materials isto und in large quantities in this country and is inexpensive, haspeculiar qualities in giving to sandstone asphalt-rock or other asphaltrequiring hardening material to be incorporated therewith the hardnessand water-resisting and climate-resisting properties requisite inrespect of a thoroughly satisfactory and d urable pavement, sidewalk,floor, roof, or conduit and that the composition composed of naturalsandstone asphalt-rock and the bardening mixture described is equal inevery respect to and is cheaper than other asphal ts. While the bestresults, especially for streetpaving and certain other purposes, areobtained from the use of all the ingredients mentioned, yet we do notwish to be understood as limiting ourselves in all respects to acombination of all of said ingredients, nor do we wish to be understoodas limiting ourselves to the specific ingredients mentioned, as othershaving similar properties may be substituted without departing from thespirit of the invention.

Each of the ingredients hereinabove mentioned will to a limited degreeharden sandstoneasphalt; but the resultof the use of either alone isgreatly inferior to that flowing from a combinationofallot'saidingredients. According to our experiments the steatite andtalc or steatite or talc assimilates by proper preparation and mixingwith sandstone asphalt and imparts a degree of hardness thereto andenables the same to resist the effects of heat and cold. Serpentine aidsin setting the composition and gives increased hardness thereto. Terraalba combines with sandstone asphalt and the otheringredients of thehardening material and imparts cementing power to all, while ozoceriteadds toughness and cohesiveness.

The proportions of the ingredients will depend upon the particularpurpose for which the composition is to be used and upon climatic andsimilar conditions to which it will be subjected and also to thecharacter of the asphalt sandstone to be treated. In general it may bestated that if the composition is to be used in a place subject to hightemperature and frequent rains or to either of such climaticpeculiarities the proportion of the hardening mixture to theasphalt-rock will be greater than is required when the composition is tobe used in a place havinga colder ordrierclimate.Forexample,forstreet-paving purposes for a place having a climatesimilar to that in the city of Louisville and considering two diiferentdeposits of sandstone asphalt one of which is harder than the other andhas a much finer quality of sand and a lesser percentage of bitumen,with said harder sandstone we prefer to use approximately three andone-half per cent. of steatite or talc, three and one-half per cent. ofterra-alba,

one and one-half per-cent. of serpentine, and

one and one-half per cent. of ozocerite to ninety per cent. of sandstoneasphalt. With said other sandstone asphalt we have produced the bestresult by using with eightyseven per cent. of the asphalt five per cent.of steatite or talc, five per cent. of terra-alba, one and one half percent. of serpentine, and one and one-half per cent. of ozocerite. Thequantity of bitumen and the character of the sand in the rock-asphalt,as well as the climatic conditions to which the material is to besubjected, will determinethe proportions of the ingredients of thehardening composition, and for this reason we wish it '7 understood thatthe above proportions are given merely as examples and that theinvention is not limited to any specific proportions of the ingredientsforming'the hardening mixture.

We deem it desirable, although not wholly necessary, to add to thehardening combination above mentioned approximately two per cent. oflake-pitch asphalt or Trinidad asphalt and to correspondingly reduce theproportion of sandstone asphalt in the complete paving composition, aswe have found that by said addition a tougher product results. I

Preparatory to incorporating the hardening mixture with the asphalt-rockall the materials are separately crushed to a fine mass and theingredients of the hardening mixture are mechanically and thoroughlymixed This hardening mixture is then thoroughly incorporated with thecrushed asphalt-rock and thereafter when ready for use is artificiallyheated sufficient to melt the materials and until the mass ishomogeneousthroughout. The material or composition thus produced is laid or appliedunder a proper degree of heat and is compacted by ramming, tamping, orrolling it.

Having thus described the invention, What we believe to be new, anddesire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The herein-described hardening composition for incorporation withnatural rock-as phalt, or other natural asphalt requiring theincorporation of a hardening material therewith, said hardeningcomposition having, in combination, a magnesian mineral and terraalba.

2. The herein-described hardening composition for incorporation withnatural rock-asphalt, or other natural asphalt requiring theincorporation of a hardening material therewith, said hardeningcomposition having, in combination, steatite or talc, serpentine andterra-alba.

3. An asphalt composition for street-paving and analogous purposes,having, in combination with sandstone asphalt-rock or bituminoussandstone, which forms the principal ingredient of the composition, ahardener therefor embracing a magnesian mineral and a cementingmaterial, substantially as described.

4. A composition for street-paving and analogous purposes, having, incombination, natural sandstone asphalt-rock, or other natural asphalt, amagnesian mineral, and terra-alba.

5. A paving composition, having, in combination, natural sandstoneasphalt-rock, or other natural asphalt, steatite or talc, serpentine,and terra-alba.

6.. The herein-described hardening composition for in'corporation'withnatural rock-as phalt, or other natural asphalt requiring theincorporation of a hardening material therewith, said hardeningcompositions having a and ozocerite.

7. The herein-described hardening composition for incorporation withnatural rock-asphalt, or other natural asphalt requiring theincorporation of a hardening material therewith, said hardeningcomposition having a magnesian mineral or minerals, terra-alba,ozocerite and lake-pitch asphalt "or Trinidad asphalt.

8. Acomposition for street-paving and analogous purposes, having, incombination, natural sandstone asphalt-rock, or other natural asphalt, amagnesian mineral or minerals, terra-alba, and ozocerite.

9. The herein-described composition for street-paving and analogouspurposes, consisting of natural sandstone asphalt-rock, or other naturalasphalt, steatite or talc, terraalba, ozocerite, and lake-pitch asphaltor Trinidad asphalt.

In testimony whereof we aflix our signatures in presence of twowitnesses.

CHARLES R. LONG. JOHN S. MILLER. WILLIAM F. INGRAM. Witnesses:

JNo. R. 0. Lone, JNo. W. SonoRR.

magnesian mineral or minerals, terra-alba, v

